Using Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) at Home: Enhancing Communication in Daily Life
When a child or adult struggles with verbal communication, Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) can be a life-changing tool. An AAC system, such as a speech-generating device (SGD), offers individuals a way to express themselves, connect with others, and participate in daily activities that might otherwise be challenging. However, while speech therapy often introduces these devices, it's essential to continue supporting their use at home, where much of life’s communication happens.
In this post, we'll explore how parents and caregivers can use AAC devices at home and in the community to foster communication, independence, and participation across various environments. From daily routines at home to socializing at school or the store, AAC can play an important role in improving communication skills wherever you go.
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) refers to a variety of tools and strategies used to help individuals communicate when they are unable to use spoken language effectively. This includes non-verbal systems, such as picture boards, sign language, and speech-generating devices (SGDs). SGDs are high-tech devices or apps that allow individuals to generate speech by selecting words or symbols from a screen. AAC systems are personalized to each individual’s communication needs, offering greater independence and access to social interaction. Teaching AAC at home ensures that individuals continue to develop their communication skills outside of therapy sessions.
Introduce the Device Gradually: When introducing an AAC device at home, it’s important to start slow and build up use over time. Begin by familiarizing your child or with the device, letting them explore it freely. At first your child may seem like they are making "random" selections, however, this is their way to explore the device and what all the different buttons do - it is like a baby exploring their voice by babbling. Encourage and acknowledge any and all of your child's communication with the device, even if you are not sure of their intent right away.
Model Communication: Modeling is a crucial strategy in teaching AAC. This means using the device to communicate yourself. For example, if you’re asking your child what they want for dinner, select the corresponding picture or word on the device and say it aloud as you do. This shows them how to use the device to communicate and provides a visual and auditory cue for how to express the same ideas. Tip: Try to keep your communication natural and fluid. Don’t overcomplicate things. If you're talking about something simple like a favorite snack, model the device by selecting the words "cookie" or "eat" while speaking. The goal is to integrate AAC naturally into your conversation.
Use the Device Throughout Daily Activities: AAC isn’t just for speech therapy sessions—it's a tool to be used throughout the day in real-life scenarios. Encourage the individual to use their device during daily activities such as meal times, play time, and household chores. Using the device in varied contexts will help the individual see the device as a meaningful tool in all aspects of their life, not just a “therapy device.” For example, you can model using the device to ask for things ("I want drink"), express needs ("help please"), comment on things ("fun day"), answer questions ("yes" or "no"), and initiate conversations or greetings ("hello" or "good morning").
Be Patient and Allow for Time: It takes time for children to learn how to talk and produce sentences and conversations using natural speech, and AAC is no different. It’s important to be patient and celebrate small successes. Let the child explore the device at their own pace, and give them time to process the symbols and selections before expecting a response. Remember, progress may look different for each person, and it’s normal for there to be moments of frustration. Just like with verbal communication, some days may be more successful than others. Stay consistent and provide encouragement throughout the learning process.
Customize the AAC Device to Your Child: Set up the device to reflect your child’s or loved one’s specific preferences and needs. For example, create categories for their favorite foods, toys, or activities. Use photographs of their favorite items or symbols they recognize to make the device more relatable, for example a photograph of the child's own bed for the word "bed." Add words or phrases that are commonly used in their daily life, for example names of family members and pets. Tailoring the device to the individual’s needs can make it more engaging and functional, helping them feel more empowered to use it.
AAC devices are not just helpful in structured, academic settings—they can significantly improve communication in everyday activities. Here are some examples of how AAC can be used to enhance participation in daily routines and social environments:
Independence in the Kitchen: Use the device to request foods, drinks, or even help with preparing meals. A child or adult can use AAC to say “I want juice,” “can I have a sandwich?” or “help please.” This encourages independence while fostering communication in a real-world context.
Communication During Play: AAC devices can support play-based interactions. Children can use the device to ask for specific toys, suggest play scenarios, or express feelings about the game. For example, they might use the device to say, “Let’s play cars!” or “I like this toy!”
Social Interaction at Home: Having conversations with family members, caregivers, and peers is essential for social development. An AAC device can be used to initiate social exchanges, such as saying “hello,” “goodbye,” or even making a comment about something happening in the moment (e.g., “fun day” or “I’m tired”).
Socializing in the Community: When out in the community, whether at the park, in a store, or at a friend’s house, an AAC device can help individuals engage in social interactions. For example, while at the store, a child can use the device to express what they want (“I want candy”) or ask questions (“Where is the toy?”). If they meet someone new, they can use the device to introduce themselves or ask to play together (“Hi, I’m [Name], can we play?”).
At School or Other Group Settings: At school or in group settings, AAC can help children participate in conversations with classmates and teachers. For instance, during a group activity, the device can be used to answer questions, make requests, or offer comments (“I want a turn” or “Can I help?”). In group play, children can use AAC to take part in collaborative games and express their needs or emotions.
Meeting New People: Meeting new people can be intimidating, but AAC helps create a bridge for communication. A child might use the device to introduce themselves (“My name is [Name]”) or initiate a conversation (“Let’s play a game!”). This reduces anxiety and fosters social inclusion by providing a clear way to interact.
Managing Routines: AAC devices can be integrated into household routines, such as dressing, brushing teeth, or tidying up. By incorporating phrases like “I want to play” or “I’m done,” the individual can begin to manage their own routine, leading to a greater sense of autonomy.
Teaching AAC at home and using it to enhance communication in daily life requires consistency, patience, and creativity. By incorporating the device into everyday activities, you can help the individual develop stronger communication skills while fostering a sense of independence and connection with those around them. Remember, AAC is not a one-size-fits-all solution, so don’t be afraid to adjust the device and your approach to suit the person’s unique needs. By actively using AAC in daily routines and play, you’ll help them build the confidence they need to communicate more effectively—and engage more fully—in every aspect of their life.
For more personalized guidance, consult a speech-language pathologist trained in AAC to ensure the most effective strategies for your child’s or loved one’s communication development.